Features of Glass and Plastic Vacuum Blood Collection Tubes

First, the material

1. Material of vacuum blood collection tubes: blood collection tubes are mostly ordinary glass tubes and plastic tubes. Ordinary glass tubes are prone to hemolysis due to the high pH value, while the glass test tubes made by the tube-drawing process are densely packed with linear grooves, which lead to cell hanging on the wall due to the irregular depth and thickness. Some companies already use neutral glass (medicinal glass).

Neutral glass has the advantages of pressure resistance, less dissolved substances, tight molecular arrangement, and less grooves when stretching. Reduce the chance of resampling. And the bottom of the test tube is specially strengthened to avoid damage during centrifugation.

The inner wall of the vacuum blood collection tube is treated in the production process, that is, the silicone oil or emulsion is diluted in a certain proportion and evenly coated on the inner wall of the tube. Since silicone oil is an extremely inert mixture, it adheres to the inner wall of the test tube, reducing the adhesion of blood cells to the tube wall.

Plastic vacuum blood collection tubes are made of PET plastic. Incineration and destruction and other advantages. The inner wall of a good test tube undergoes special treatment during injection molding, which can effectively reduce the adhesion between blood cells and the tube wall and reduce the production of fibrin filaments.

2. Matching of test tubes: With the popularization of testing equipment such as automatic biochemical analyzers and blood analyzers, the outer diameters of test tubes can be directly used on the machine with a uniform diameter of 13 (16) mm Ⅹ 75 mm and 13 (16) mm Ⅹ 100 mm. The outer diameter of the national standard tube is obviously too small. After being directly connected to the machine, it cannot be fixed, resulting in different degrees of inclination, and the sampling needle is more likely to be damaged.

Second, the degree of vacuum

The vacuum blood collection tube is the collection tube of the specimen and also the detection tube. The quantitative vacuum in the blood collection tube powers the blood collection process and enables quantitative collection. Whether the vacuum setting is accurate or not will have a great impact on the test results. The following are the main factors that affect the degree of vacuum:

1) Ambient atmospheric pressure: the higher the altitude, the smaller the blood collection volume.

2) Ambient temperature: The higher the temperature, the lower the vacuum, and the less blood is collected; on the contrary, the lower the temperature, the more blood is collected.

3) Product storage time: Generally speaking, the longer the storage time, the less blood collection, which is mainly due to the vacuum leakage of the test tube of the blood collection tube and its seals.

4) Individual differences of patients (such as venous pressure, blood viscosity, vascular status, etc.): For example, excessive tension in patients, high blood viscosity in chemotherapy patients, and vascular sclerosis may cause inaccurate blood collection.

5) Blood collection techniques and types of blood collection needles: for example, the selection of needle types, the judgment of blood collection end points, the selection of venipuncture sites, etc. Improper handling will also result in inaccurate blood collection.

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